---

name: skill-engineer description: Design, test, review, and maintain agent skills for OpenClaw systems using multi-agent iterative refinement. Orchestrates Designer, Reviewer, and Tester subagents for quality-gated skill development. Use when user asks to "design skill", "review skill", "test skill", "audit skills", "refactor skill", or mentions "agent kit quality". metadata: author: skill-engineer version: 3.1.0 owner: main agent (or any agent in the kit requiring skill development capability) based_on: Anthropic Complete Guide to Building Skills for Claude (2026-01)

Skill Engineer

Own the full lifecycle of agent skills in your OpenClaw agent kit. The entire multi-agent workflow depends on skill quality — a weak skill produces weak results across every run.

Core principle: Builders don't evaluate their own work. This skill enforces separation of concerns through a multi-agent architecture where design, review, and testing are performed by independent subagents.

---

Scope & Boundaries

What This Skill Handles

• Skill design: SKILL.md, skill.yml, README.md, tests, scripts, references
• Skill review: quality evaluation, rubric scoring, gap analysis
• Skill testing: self-play validation, trigger testing, functional testing
• Skill maintenance: iteration based on feedback, refactoring
• Agent kit audit: inventory, consistency, quality scoring across all skills

What This Skill Does NOT Handle

• Release pipeline — publishing, versioning, changelogs belong to release processes
• Repository management — git submodules, repo creation, branch strategy belong to your VCS workflow
• Deployment — installing skills to agents, configuration management
• Tracking — progress tracking, task management, project boards
• Infrastructure — MCP servers, API keys, environment setup

Where This Skill Ends

This skill produces validated skill artifacts (SKILL.md, skill.yml, README.md, tests, scripts). Once artifacts pass quality gates, responsibility transfers to whatever system handles publishing and deployment.

Success Criteria

A skill development cycle is considered successful when:

1. Quality gates passed — Reviewer scores ≥28/33 (Deploy threshold)
2. No blocking issues — Tester reports no issues marked as "blocking"
3. All artifacts generated — SKILL.md, skill.yml, README.md, tests/, scripts/ (if needed), references/ (if needed)
4. OPSEC clean — No hardcoded secrets, paths, org names, or private URLs
5. Scripts validated — All deterministic validation scripts execute successfully on target platform(s)
6. Trigger accuracy — Tester reports ≥90% trigger accuracy (true positives + true negatives)

If any criterion fails, the skill returns to the Designer for revision.

Inputs

When invoking this skill, the orchestrator must gather:

| Input | Description | Required | Source | |-------|-------------|----------|--------| | Problem description | What capability or workflow needs to be enabled | Yes | User conversation | | Target audience | Which agent(s) will use this skill | Yes | User or inferred | | Expected interactions | With users, APIs, files, MCP servers, other skills | Yes | Requirements discussion | | Inputs/Outputs | What data the skill receives and produces | Yes | Requirements discussion | | Constraints | Performance limits, security requirements, dependencies | No | User or system | | Prior feedback | Review or test reports from previous iterations | No | Previous Reviewer/Tester | | Existing artifacts | If refactoring/maintaining an existing skill | No | File system |

Example requirements gathering:

User: "I need a skill for analyzing competitor websites"

Orchestrator gathers:
- Problem: Automate competitor analysis with structured output
- Audience: research-agent
- Interactions: web_fetch, browser tool, writes markdown reports
- Inputs: competitor URLs, analysis criteria
- Outputs: comparison table, insights markdown
- Constraints: must complete in <60s per site

These inputs are then passed to the Designer to begin the design process.

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Architecture Overview

The skill-engineer uses a three-role iterative architecture. The orchestrator (you, the main agent) spawns subagents for each role and never does creative or evaluation work directly.

Orchestrator (main agent)
    │
    ├─ Spawn ──→ Designer (creative subagent)
    │                │
    │                ▼ produces skill artifacts
    │
    ├─ Spawn ──→ Reviewer (critical subagent)
    │                │
    │                ▼ scores, identifies issues
    │
    ├─ Spawn ──→ Tester (empirical subagent)
    │                │
    │                ▼ runs self-play, reports results
    │
    └─ Decision: Ship / Revise / Fail

Iteration Loop

Designer → Reviewer ──pass──→ Tester ──pass──→ Ship
              │                  │
              fail               fail
              │                  │
              ▼                  ▼
         Designer revises   Designer revises
              │                  │
              ▼                  ▼
           Reviewer          Reviewer + Tester
              │
           (max 3 iterations, then fail)

Exit conditions:

• Ship: Reviewer scores ≥ 28/33 (85%+) AND Tester reports no blocking issues
• Revise: Reviewer or Tester found fixable issues (iterate)
• Fail: 3 iterations exhausted and still below quality bar

Iteration Failure Path

After 3 failed iterations, the orchestrator must:

1. Stop iteration — do not continue trying
2. Report failure to user with:
   • Summary: "Skill development failed after 3 iterations"
   • All 3 iteration reports (Reviewer + Tester feedback)
   • Final quality score
   • List of unresolved blocking issues
3. Present options to user:
   • Provide more context or clarify requirements (restart with better inputs)
   • Simplify scope (reduce skill complexity and retry)
   • Abandon this skill (requirements may be infeasible)
4. Do NOT silently fail — always report to user and await decision

Never: Continue past 3 iterations or ship a skill that hasn't passed quality gates.

Subagent Spawning Mechanism

"Spawning" a subagent means creating a distinct execution context for each role. In OpenClaw:

Option 1: Role-Based Execution (Recommended for most cases) The orchestrator executes each role sequentially in the same session but with clear role boundaries:

[Acting as DESIGNER] ...generate artifacts...
[Acting as REVIEWER] ...evaluate artifacts...
[Acting as TESTER] ...validate artifacts...

Document which role is active at each step. This maintains separation of concerns without multi-session overhead.

Option 2: Separate Agent Sessions (For complex workflows) Use openclaw agent --message "..." --session-id <unique-id> to create isolated sessions:

# Spawn Designer
openclaw agent --session-id "skill-v1-designer" \
  --message "Act as Designer. Requirements: [...]"

# Spawn Reviewer
openclaw agent --session-id "skill-v1-reviewer" \
  --message "Act as Reviewer. Artifacts: [path]. Rubric: [...]"

This provides true isolation but increases token cost and coordination complexity.

Which to use:

• Use Option 1 (role-based) for routine skill work
• Use Option 2 (separate sessions) when parallelization is needed or when Designer work is extremely complex (1000+ line skills)

Critical: Regardless of method, the orchestrator must never perform creative (Designer) or evaluation (Reviewer/Tester) work itself. It only coordinates.

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Orchestrator Responsibilities

The orchestrator coordinates the loop. It does NOT write skill content or evaluate quality.

1. Gather requirements from the user (problem, audience, inputs/outputs, interactions)
2. Spawn Designer with requirements and any prior feedback
3. Collect Designer output (skill artifacts)
4. Spawn Reviewer with artifacts and the quality rubric
5. Collect Reviewer feedback (scores + structured issues)
6. If issues: feed feedback back to Designer (go to step 2, increment iteration)
7. If passing review: Spawn Tester with artifacts
8. Collect Tester results (pass/fail + structured report)
9. If issues: feed test results back to Designer (go to step 2)
10. If all pass: add final review scores table to README.md, then deliver artifacts to user
11. Track iteration count — fail after 3 iterations (see Iteration Failure Path)

Final Review Scores in README

Every shipped skill must include a quality scorecard in its README.md. This is the Reviewer's final scores, added by the Orchestrator before delivery:

## Quality Scorecard

| Category | Score | Details |
|----------|-------|---------|
| Completeness (SQ-A) | 7/7 | All checks pass |
| Clarity (SQ-B) | 4/5 | Minor ambiguity in edge case handling |
| Balance (SQ-C) | 4/4 | AI/script split appropriate |
| Integration (SQ-D) | 4/4 | Compatible with standard agent kit |
| Scope (SCOPE) | 3/3 | Clean boundaries, no leaks |
| OPSEC | 2/2 | No violations |
| References (REF) | 3/3 | All sources cited |
| Architecture (ARCH) | 2/2 | Separation of concerns maintained |
| **Total** | **29/30** | |

*Scored by skill-engineer Reviewer (iteration 2)*

This scorecard serves as a quality certificate. Users can assess skill quality before installing.

Version Control

The orchestrator manages git commits throughout the workflow:

When to commit:

• After Designer produces initial artifacts (iteration 1): git add . && git commit -m "feat: initial design for <skill-name>"
• After Designer revisions (iteration 2+): git add . && git commit -m "fix: address review issues (iteration N)"
• After Tester passes and before ship: git add README.md && git commit -m "docs: add quality scorecard for <skill-name>"

When to push:

• After final ship (all gates passed): git push origin main
• Do NOT push intermediate iterations — only ship-ready artifacts

Branch strategy:

• Work in main branch for routine skill development
• Use feature branches for experimental or breaking changes

Error Handling

The orchestrator must handle technical failures gracefully:

| Failure Type | Detection | Response | |--------------|-----------|----------| | Git push fails | Exit code ≠ 0 | Retry once. If fails again, report to user: "Cannot push to remote. Check network/permissions." | | OPSEC scan script missing | File not found | Skip OPSEC automated check, but flag in review: "Manual OPSEC review required — script not found." | | File write errors | Permission denied | Report: "Cannot write to [path]. Check file permissions." Fail workflow. | | Subagent crashes | Timeout or error | Log the error, attempt retry once. If fails again, report: "Subagent failed. Manual intervention required." | | Review score = 0 | All checks fail | Report: "Skill failed all quality checks. Requirements may be unclear or skill design is fundamentally flawed. Recommend starting over." |

Retry logic:

• Git operations: 1 retry after 5s delay
• File operations: 1 retry after 2s delay
• Subagent spawns: 1 retry with fresh context

Fail-fast rules:

• If iteration count exceeds 3, fail immediately (no further retries)
• If OPSEC violations found, fail immediately (no iteration)
• If required files cannot be written, fail immediately

Performance Notes

Orchestrator workload: Coordinating Designer/Reviewer/Tester across 1-3 iterations can be complex, especially for large skills (1000+ lines). The orchestrator manages:

• Requirements gathering
• Subagent coordination (3-9 spawns in typical workflow)
• Feedback routing between roles
• Iteration tracking
• Final scorecard assembly
• Git operations

Token considerations: A full 3-iteration cycle can consume 50k-150k tokens depending on skill complexity. For extremely complex skills, consider:

• Breaking into sub-skills (each with simpler scope)
• Using separate agent sessions (Option 2 spawning) to isolate token contexts
• Simplifying requirements before starting iteration

If orchestrator feels overwhelmed: This is a signal that the skill being designed may be too complex. Revisit the scope definition and consider decomposition.

Spawning Context

Each subagent receives only what it needs:

| Role | Receives | Does NOT Receive | |------|----------|------------------| | Designer | Requirements, prior feedback (if any), design principles | Reviewer rubric internals | | Reviewer | Skill artifacts, quality rubric, scope boundaries | Requirements discussion | | Tester | Skill artifacts, test protocol | Review scores |

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Designer Role

Purpose: Generate and revise skill content.

For complete Designer instructions, see: references/designer-guide.md

Quick Reference

Inputs: Requirements, design principles, feedback (on iterations 2+)

Outputs: SKILL.md, skill.yml, README.md, tests/, scripts/, references/

Naming step (mandatory): Before writing artifacts, present 3-5 name candidates to the user with rationale. See references/designer-guide.md Step 2 for criteria and process.

Key constraints:

• Apply progressive disclosure (frontmatter → body → linked files)
• Apply scoping rules (explicit boundaries, no scope creep)
• Apply tool selection guardrails (validate before execution)
• README for strangers only (no internal org details)
• Follow AI vs. Script decision framework

Design principles:

• Progressive disclosure (3-level system)
• Composability (works alongside other skills)
• Portability (same skill works across Claude.ai, Claude Code, API)

---

Reviewer Role

Purpose: Independent quality evaluation. The Reviewer has never seen the requirements discussion — it evaluates artifacts on their own merits.

For complete Reviewer rubric and scoring guide, see: references/reviewer-rubric.md

Quick Reference

Inputs: Skill artifacts, quality rubric, scope boundaries

Outputs: Review report with scores, verdict (PASS/REVISE/FAIL), issues, strengths

Quality rubric (33 checks total):

• SQ-A: Completeness (8 checks)
• SQ-B: Clarity (5 checks)
• SQ-C: Balance (5 checks)
• SQ-D: Integration (5 checks)
• SCOPE: Boundaries (3 checks)
• OPSEC: Security (2 checks)
• REF: References (3 checks)
• ARCH: Architecture (2 checks)

Scoring thresholds:

• 28-33 pass → Deploy (PASS verdict)
• 20-27 pass → Revise (fixable issues)
• 10-19 pass → Redesign (major rework)
• 0-9 pass → Reject (fundamentally flawed)

Pre-review: Run deterministic validation scripts before manual evaluation

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Tester Role

Purpose: Empirical validation via self-play. The Tester loads the skill and attempts realistic tasks.

For complete Tester protocol, see: references/tester-protocol.md

Quick Reference

Inputs: Skill artifacts, test protocol

Outputs: Test report with trigger accuracy, functional test results, edge cases, blocking/non-blocking issues, verdict (PASS/FAIL)

Test protocol:

1. Trigger tests — verify skill loads correctly (≥90% accuracy threshold)
2. Functional tests — execute 2-3 realistic tasks, note confusion points
3. Edge case tests — missing inputs, ambiguous requirements, boundary cases

Issue classification:

• Blocking: Prevents skill from functioning (must fix before ship)
• Non-blocking: Impacts quality but doesn't break core functionality

Pass criteria: No blocking issues + ≥90% trigger accuracy

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Agent Kit Audit Protocol

Periodic full audit of the agent kit:

1. Inventory all skills — list every SKILL.md with owner agent
2. Check for orphans — skills that no agent uses
3. Check for duplicates — overlapping functionality
4. Check for gaps — workflow steps that have no skill
5. Check balance — are some agents overloaded while others idle?
6. Check consistency — naming conventions, output formats
7. Run quality score on each skill (SQ-A through SQ-D)
8. Produce audit report with scores and recommendations

Audit Output Template

# Agent Kit Audit Report

**Date:** [date]
**Skills audited:** [count]

## Skill Inventory

| # | Skill | Agent | Quality Score | Status |
|---|-------|-------|--------------|--------|
| 1 | [name] | [agent] | X/33 | Deploy/Revise/Redesign |

## Issues Found
1. ...

## Recommendations
1. ...

## Action Items
| # | Action | Priority | Owner |
|---|--------|----------|-------|

---

Skill Interaction Map

Maintain a map of how skills interact:

orchestrator-agent (coordinates workflow)
    ├── content-creator (writes content)
    │   └── consumes: research outputs, review feedback
    ├── content-reviewer (reviews content)
    │   └── produces: review reports
    ├── research-analyst (researches topics)
    │   └── produces: research consumed by content-creator
    ├── validator (validates outputs)
    └── skill-engineer (this skill — meta)
        └── consumes: all skills for audit

Adapt this to your specific agent architecture.